“Most important, clouds form only in air that is saturated with ice or water. Most areas of the sky are neither moist enough nor cold enough to reach this saturation level, much to the pleasure of suntan lotion marketers. Steve Corfidi, of the National Weather Service, wrote to Imponderables emphasizing that clouds are only seen where air is forcibly uplifted and/or otherwise cooled to reach saturation. When air rises, it cools and loses its ability to hold moisture, leading to cloud and droplet... formation. On the contrary, when air sinks, it warms, enabling it to hold more moisture, and droplets (and clouds) can evaporate back into invisible water vapor. And how is this saturation achieved? Corfidi explains: There are many ways by which air may undergo lifting and/or cooling to form clouds. For example, the cooling of moist air collecting in low spots at night can result in saturation and the development of patches of fog. Differential heating of the ground by the sun (e.g., strong heating over urban rooftops versus columns of rising air, called thermals) [can cause clouds].MoreLessRead More Read Less
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