Mary Mccarthy's Collected Memoirs: Memories of a Catholic Girlhood, How I Grew, And Intellectual Memoirs
“In those days the word for such people collectively was “intelligentsia,” borrowed from the Russian and scarcely used any more, as though the Bolshevik Revolution, in eliminating the social grouping, had consigned the term to “the ashcan of history”—a favorite receptacle. “Intelligentsia” had included bohemians—artists and musicians, people like Pasternak’s parents—as well as narodniki, nihilists, teachers, doctors, sometimes combining several of these vocations in one person as in Turgenev’s B...azarov. It was the enlightened class in society. The characters typically found in Chekhov—army officers, country doctors, small landowners fond of musing on large ideas, students—all belong to the intelligentsia, whatever their occupation or lack of it. They are an epiphenomenon of increased education, hence choiceless in a sense and rather sad; the intellectual, on the other hand, is self-chosen, even when produced in quantity. The term took hold in the thirties, encouraged by Marxism and the depression.MoreLess
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