“Here it is especially important to be clear as to what is meant, and not meant, by “intelligence” in this context. What is not meant are wisdom, skills or even developed mental capabilities in general. Virtually everyone recognizes that these things depend to some extent on circumstances, including upbringing in general and education in particular. Those on both sides of the question of race and intelligence are arguing about something much more fundamental— the innate potential for thinking, t...he ability to grasp and manipulate complex concepts, without regard to whatever judgment may or may not have been acquired from experience or upbringing. This has sometimes been called native intelligence— the mental capacity with which one was born— but it could more aptly be called the mental potential at the time of conception, since the development of the brain can be affected by what happens in the womb between conception and birth. These things can happen differently according to the behavior of the mother, including diet, smoking and intake of alcohol and narcotics, not to mention damage that can occur to the brain during its passage through the birth canal.MoreLessRead More Read Less
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