“The foliage of this small, shrubby tree is a glossy green, turning in autumn to a bright yellow gold and a deeper bronze. The quarter-inch berries that appear in clusters ripen from pink to red to a dark blue purple—beautiful in a Thanksgiving display. The Delaware Indians of Oklahoma used a decoction of the bark as a treatment for jaundice and as an emetic or strong laxative. The fruits of most species of buckthorn contain a yellow dye, and the seeds are high in protein. In China, oils from bu...ckthorn seeds have been used to make soap, printing ink, and lubricant. The leaves and bark are browsed by deer. Yaupon holly (Ilex vomitoria), is the only native North American plant (Zones 7–9) that contains caffeine. It also contains antioxidants and theobromine, the plant chemical found in chocolate. Yaupon tea was brewed by the indigenous people of the Southeast as a stimulant beverage, medicine, and ritual drink. The dried leaves and twigs were roasted and boiled into a rich, dark tea known to European explorers and colonists as “black drink.”MoreLessRead More Read Less
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